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said
the tachiai should be performed with lowered hips and both hands
touching down, and that the gyoji wouldn’t allow matta after the hands
had touched. Observers from that time have suggested that rikishi
simply stopped touching down with their hands so they could make matta
any time they pleased, and that over the years, matta finally got so
bad that the Kyokai felt they had to act. They 'acted' by
declaring that a matta would be called if both hands didn’t touch, and
that the offender would be given a loss if matta was repeated often
enough The immediate effect of this edict was that rikishi began starting their charge from a low crouch instead of the near-standing posture. It’s possible they were instructed to do so by the Kyokai so that Article 5’s ‘lowering of the hips’ would be part of the actual move forward, or maybe the rikishi thought that by doing so, a much more convincing pretense of touching down could be made, thus diminishing the likelihood of a loss being declared. But whichever or whatever the case, the practice of beginning the tachiai in this manner has endured to this day, and just like before 1984, as time has worn on, the pretense of complying has become more and more transparent, so that in actual practice today, any informed observer can discern that a clear minority of the rikishi are in full compliance on any given day. Moreover, once the torikumi (bout) has begun, gyoji rarely call a halt to it, so non-compliance has more potential for advantage than for the intended disadvantage. Footage of pre-1984 torikumi bears |
out
that most tachiai collisions took place from a near-standing
posture. From that posture, a rikishi’s head was mostly upright
to begin with and so it took no special effort to keep his eyes on the
opponent. Also, from that posture, if one rikishi suddenly jumped
to the side, the move was usually detected at once and his opponent was
less likely to be caught so off guard that he fell on his face, which
often happens today with your ‘full-blown henka.’ Because of
this, the benefits of jumping to the side were minimized compared with
today – and were certainly more subtle – which is why I don’t remember
henka being an issue back then. The pre-1984 tachiai henka was much like the ‘half-henka’ that Chiyotaikai exploited in 2005 when injury sapped his tsuppari – the ozeki would take an oblique slide step to shift an opponent’s weight unexpectedly. For many, it was used as a means to smooth the route to the opponent’s mawashi. Kitanoumi and other top-rankers did it all the time, but because rikishi weren’t falling flat by themselves or flying off the dohyo, it didn’t raise eyebrows or disturb sensitivities. If a rikishi was criticized for the maneuver, it was only to warn that he was diluting the strength of his own charge. What’s more, in those days the word ‘henka’ wasn’t used in connection with the tachiai. Rikishi have sidestepped at the tachiai for decades, but in perusing all of my pre-1984 sumo magazines and books, I haven’t discovered the word ‘henka’ at all – lending further evidence (for me) to the fact that the slow birth of henka as we know it today was born with |
the 1984 announcement that Two Hands Down would be enforced. This action by the Sumo Kyokai was intended to decrease matta. I can’t imagine that matta could have been worse then than it is today, and so conclude that this ‘shot in the dark’ has missed its mark. In fact, speaking just for me, I much prefer the pre-1984 tachiai to what is going on today. The rikishi have ignored the rule both pre- and post-1984, so that part hasn’t changed; but the visible difference is that now – since rikishi start the tachiai from the lower posture – the premium on gamesmanship has ballooned way beyond reasonable proportion, resulting in fewer real tachiai collisions, and more sightings where rikishi simply fall flat or run themselves out. Deciding which of the two versions I’d rather watch is not very challenging. Since the change – to my knowledge – no match has been lost due to excessive matta, despite the warning that it would happen. So, as with pre-1984, we have what we have because Two Hands down – which has existed throughout – is not strictly enforced. This is not a criticism by me, it’s just a fact – and moreover it’s a fact I won’t criticize because, as a foreigner, I’m slow to disparage the cultural mindsets at play in administering Japan’s national sport. But like any fan, I can say what I like to see, and I can tell you I liked watching the ‘old’ tachiai a lot more than I like watching the ‘new’ one. Home |
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